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A fracture is a break in the continuity of a bone. It can result from trauma, overuse, or medical conditions that weaken bones.

Closed (Simple) Fracture: The bone breaks but does not pierce the skin.
Open (Compound) Fracture: The bone breaks and protrudes through the skin, increasing the risk of infection.
Stress Fracture: A small crack in the bone due to repetitive stress or overuse, common in athletes.
Comminuted Fracture: The bone shatters into three or more pieces, often resulting from severe trauma.
Greenstick Fracture: An incomplete fracture where the bone bends but does not break completely, often seen in children.
Hairline Fracture: A thin crack in the bone that may not cause significant displacement.

Fractures can occur due to a variety of causes, including:

Repetitive Stress: Activities that involve repetitive motions, such as running or jumping, can lead to stress fractures.

Osteoporosis: A condition that weakens bones, making them more susceptible to fractures.
Cancer: Certain types can weaken bone structure.
Infections: Osteomyelitis or other infections can compromise bone integrity.

Children: Growing bones are more flexible but can still fracture during physical activities.
Elderly: Bones tend to be weaker and more brittle, increasing fracture risk.

Conditions such as Paget’s disease or bone cysts can weaken bones, making them more prone to fractures.

Lack of Calcium or Vitamin D: Essential for bone health, deficiencies can lead to weakened bones.

Long-term use of corticosteroids or certain other medications can weaken bones and increase fracture risk.

The symptoms of a fracture can vary depending on the type and severity, but common signs include: read more